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Signal generator
来源:原创网站      时间:2016-11-26  

The signal generator is a device that can provide electrical signals of various frequencies, waveforms and output levels. When measuring amplitude characteristics, frequency characteristics, transmission characteristics and other electrical parameters of various telecommunication systems or equipment, as well as the characteristics and parameters of components, it is used as the signal source or excitation source for testing.

Signal generator, also known as signal source or oscillator, is widely used in production practice and scientific and technological fields. All kinds of waveform curves can be expressed by trigonometric function equation. A circuit that can generate a variety of waveforms, such as triangular wave, sawtooth wave, rectangular wave (including square wave), and sine wave, is called a function signal generator.


Structure:

1. Internal sweep output function (full band sweep time is less than 5 seconds)

It means that the low frequency signal generator has the function of automatically changing from low frequency to high frequency (or vice versa), that is, completing the low to high or high to low change process of all frequencies between 100Hz and 20KHZ, and the time of this process is 5 seconds.


2. With external sweep frequency control input interface (control signal is voltage 0-5V, control current is less than 1mA)

It means that the frequency output by the low-frequency signal generator can be controlled externally (with external control interface). The voltage for external control frequency change is 0-5V, and the control current is less than 1mA. When the external control voltage changes from 0 to 5V, the output of the low-frequency signal generator can vary from 100HZ to 20KHZ.


working principle:

The signal generator is used to generate sinusoidal signals (low frequency) with a frequency of 20Hz~200kHz. In addition to voltage output, some have power output. Therefore, it is widely used to test or repair the frequency characteristics, gain and passband of low-frequency amplifiers in various electronic instruments and equipment, and can also be used as the external modulation signal source of high-frequency signal generator. In addition, it can provide AC signal voltage when calibrating electronic voltmeter. Principle of low frequency signal generator: the system includes main vibration level, main vibration output regulating potentiometer, voltage amplifier, output attenuator, power amplifier, impedance converter (output transformer) and indicating voltmeter. The main vibration stage generates low-frequency sinusoidal oscillation signal, which is amplified by the voltage amplifier to meet the requirements of voltage output amplitude. The voltage can be directly output through the output attenuator, and the output voltage can be adjusted by the main vibration output adjustment potentiometer.

The circuit in the right figure is a square wave generator without power supply, which can be used as a simple signal source for electronic enthusiasts and laboratories. The circuit is an adaptive square wave generator composed of six inverters CD4096. When a small signal sine wave is input at the input end, the signal is transmitted in two ways, one of which is C1, D1, D2 and C2 circuits, completing the rectifier voltage doubling function and providing the CD4096 with working power; The capacitor C3 of the other path is coupled and enters the input terminal of an inverter of the CD4096 to complete the signal amplification function (the inverter can be used as an amplifier when working on small signals). The amplified signal is processed by the gate circuit of the later stage, converted into a square wave, and then output through pins 12, 8, and 10 of the CD4096. R2 at the output terminal is an adjustable resistor to ensure that the output signal is adjustable from 0 to 1.25 V. The square wave generator circuit is simple and easy to make, so the square wave generator circuit can be used as a 50Hz square wave generator for mains power supply. During fabrication, 220V sine wave of mains power shall be input to the input end of the circuit after being processed by transformer isolation and voltage reduction (1~0.75V) to ensure safety.





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